Distribution and biological peculiarities in Armenia: The species is widespread throughout Europe with the exception of the northern parts. Its range extends northwards to Lower Lusatia and central Poland and eastwards across Asia Minor and Transcaucasia as far as the Arabian peninsula, Pakistan and the Republic of India, and western China. A few specimens of the Scarce Swallowtail have been reported from central Sweden and the UK but they were probably only strays and not migrants. Armenia is inhabited by subspecies I. p. persica Verity, 1911, which originaly was inhabitant of riparian woodlands and scarce deciduous forests, having various wild fruit trees (Prunus spinosa, Prunus cerasifera, Amygdalus spp., Cerasus spp., Sorbus spp.) as a host-plants. However now, the species widely occupies also orchards, using cultuvated fruit trees. Therefore the elevation range of the Scarce Swallowtail is from 400 to 2200 m a.s.l. The species has two generations per year, when first is on wing from mid April till early May, and the second – from early June till early July.
Population dynamics: Although the species has relatively low abundance, its population stays stable during 2003-2013 (p>0.05), which is a result of several factors: stable number of cultivated fruit trees; processing of them by pesticides after the larvae becomes pupa, and adaptability of wild fruit trees.
Conservation measures: The Scarce Swallowtail is not assessed for IUCN and National Red Lists, is not included in CITES and Bern Conventions, but it is included in the European Red Book as Least Concern, The same status is proposed for Armenia, taking the factors, described above into consideration. Small part of its population inhabits Protected Areas, Emerald Sites, and Prime Butterfly Areas, however most of the population occupy cultivated lands. Despite on that there is no necessity for conservation measures. The species could serve for conservation education, being easily reared in captivity.